Periodontal disease, or commonly known as gum disease, is characterized by an infection of the tissues that hold the teeth in place. The disease affects most adults to a certain degree, and most people experience it at least once. Periodontal disease rarely happens to children.

Gum disease can be categorized depending on how severe the disease has affected a person’s gums and teeth. The early stage of gum disease is called gingivitis. Gingivitis is caused by bacteria in plaque buildup that result in gum inflammation and bleeding, especially when brushing the teeth or flossing. If left untreated, it can advance to periodontitis. Periodontitis causes the inner layer of the gum and bone to pull away from the teeth and form pockets. As it progresses, the pockets deepen, and more gum tissue and bone are destroyed, making the teeth to become loose, and eventually, tooth loss occurs.

Causes of Periodontal Disease

Plaque is the primary cause of gum disease. However, several factors can contribute to gum disease. These factors include the following:

Poor oral hygiene

Poor oral hygiene, such as not brushing the teeth at least twice a day and flossing, can contribute to gum disease. Brushing the teeth and flossing are common measures that must be observed diligently to remove and avoid the plaque buildup in the mouth. When plaques are not removed, it will eventually result in the development of gingivitis.

Bad habits

Bad habits, like smoking, should be stopped. Smoking does not only cause damage to overall health but also to oral health as smoking makes it harder for gum tissue to repair itself.

Illnesses 

Some illnesses have an impact on the condition of the gums. This includes diseases such as cancer or HIV, which significantly interferes with the immune system and diabetes, which affects the body’s ability to use sugar. Patients with diabetes are at higher risk of developing infections such as gum disease.

Medications 

Certain medications can affect oral health because they reduce the flow of saliva, which has a protective effect on the teeth and gums. Other medications can also cause abnormal growth of gum tissue.

Family history of dental disease

A family history of dental disease can be a contributing factor in the development of gingivitis.

If you experience early signs of periodontal disease, like the sudden bleeding of gums, bad breath, or loose teeth, contact our dental office at East Cobb Family Dentistry for Gum Disease Treatment under Restorative Dentistry in Marietta, GA. We are located at 2969 Johnson Ferry Rd., Marietta, GA 30062.